Carbon dot nanomaterials (CDNs) have emerged as a significant class of nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications in various fields. These remarkably fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties that arise from their intrinsic structure and surface chemistry. These tunable size, shape, and com
Renewable energy sources are gaining increasing significance in the global pursuit of sustainable development. Among these, biodiesel stands out as a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Biodiesel is typically produced from vegetable oils through a process known as transesterification, which yields fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Th
Transparent conductive glass (TCG), also known as ITO, is a material that possesses both optical transparency and electrical conductivity. This unique combination of properties arises from the incorporation of electrically conductive particles, typically metals like tin, into a transparent glass matrix. The resulting material allows light to pass t